Why do utility companies get to decide whether you can put solar panels on your own roof? In California, utilities hold the keys to interconnection and grid access—meaning they can slow, block, or complicate your solar project. Here’s how it works, and what it means for homeowners looking for energy independence.

Solar alone won’t power your home in a blackout. With a battery, you can ride through many outages—but not all. Generators offer long-duration backup at the cost of fuel, noise, and maintenance. Here’s a clear, California-specific comparison so you can choose the right setup for PG&E shutoffs and fire-season events.